Fluid and Crystallized Memory in Adult Learning

A person's memory is separated into two components: fluid and crystallized intelligence. Fluid memory is where one goes through general problem solving functions, such as scientific and mathematical processes of a logical nature. This is also known as one’s executive function or working memory capacity. Whereas, on the other hand, crystallized memory intelligence refers to cognitive functions that are associated with one’s life experience, skills, education, and knowledge. To illustrate how each component works is as follows: for fluid intelligence one would be asked to determine what shape will come next when presented a series of shapes beforhand. One is tested on recognition of the logic of the patterns previously presented to detect the next shape coming up. In contrast, when testing crystallied memory, one would be asked to select a word that means the opposite of any given word (e.g. day and night) (Merriam & Bierema, 2014, p. 176). Both of these functions are used at some degree or another, and in one capacity or another, to determine one’s IQ (intelligence quotient) through several testing techniques such a the Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test, or the Flynn Effect. It is interesting to note that research has suggested that as one ages, their fluid intelligence decreases, while their crystallized intelligence increases. In addition, culture and context, as well as our body and senses, also play key roles in the shaping of one's intelligence.

One interesting way to capture the usage of both fluid and crystallized memory within a learning setting could be by way of participating in an escape room exercise. This is where a small group of people (e.g. 4 to 5 people) are given specific clues (i.e. a special code, an incryption, puzzle or riddle,etc.) to help them on how to escape out of a special theme based room (e.g. Raiders of the Lost Ark). Once they escape the room, the group are then exposed to another room in which they need to escape once again. This theme goes on for several rooms until they are able to finally break free. This type of exercise of the escape room will allow the adult learners to utilize their fluid memory –that is to use logic to problem-solve their way out of the room and into the next room, while also using their crystallized memory to draw upon previous experiences and knowledge in their memory bank to help them tackle the task as hand. These types of exercises are a great way for team building, bonding and a fun way to utilize both memory components of one's memory.

http://www.memory-key.com/memory/individual/wm-intelligence